Invisibility of the atmosphere

Air is invisible, and this fact in itself makes flight difficult to understand. When a ship passes through water we can see the ‘bow wave’, the ‘wash’ astern, and all the turbulence which is caused; when an aeroplane makes its way through

air nothing appears to happen – yet in reality there has been even more com­motion (Fig. 2.1).

If only we could see this commotion, many of the phenomena of flight would need much less explanation, and certainly if the turbulence formed in the atmosphere were visible no one could have doubted the improvement to be gained by such inventions as streamlining. After some experience it is poss­ible to cultivate the habit of ‘seeing the air’ as it flows past bodies of different shapes, and the ability to do this is made easier by introducing smoke into the air or by watching the flow of water, which exhibits many characteristics similar to those of air.