Influence of Wing Area and Span on Aerodynamics
For a given wing loading (i. e., the wing area and maximum takeoff mass [MTOM] invariant), aerodynamicists prefer a large wingspan to improve the aspect ratio in order to reduce induced drag at the cost of a large wing root bending moment. Structural engineers prefer to see a lower span resulting in a lower aspect ratio.
The BWB (see Figure 1.15) design for larger aircraft has proven merits over conventional designs but awaits technological and market readiness. Interesting deductions are made in the following sections.