Recipes of Typical Pressure and Temperature Sensitive Paints

Recipes of Three PSP Formulations

(1) Ru(ph2-phen) or Ru(dpp) in RTV

Ingredients: 4 mg of Bathophen Ruthenium Chloride [Ru(ph2-phen) or Ru(dpp)], 25 ml of dichloromethane, 7.5 ml of GE RTV 118, 2 g silica gel particles.

Directions: Dissolve Ru(ph2-phen) in the solvent dichloromethane, add silica gel particles and then GE RTV 118, and stir until fully dissolved.

(2) PtTFPP in RTV

Ingredients: 6 mg of platinum meso-tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (PtTFPP), 25 ml of dichloromethane, 7.5 ml of GE RTV 118, 2 g silica gel particles.

Directions: Dissolve PtTFPP in the solvent dichloromethane, add silica gel particles and then GE RTV 118, and stir until fully dissolved.

(3) PtTFPP in FEM (NASA Langley)

Ingredients: 5.3 mg platinum meso-tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (PtTFPP) (120 ppm), 12 g Polytrifluorethyl-co-isobutyl methacrylate (TFEM/IBM), 37.5 g Solvent DuPont 3602S, 3.6 g Solvent DuPont 3979S or 3696S.

Directions: Dissolve the TFEM/IBM in the DuPont solvents, add PtTFPP, and stir until dissolved, and adjust the viscosity of the solution to 10.5 cp with the 3602S solvent. Allow the paint to cure at the room temperature for about 20 minutes before heating to 65°C for one hour.

Recipes of Two TSP Formulations

(1) Ru(bpy) in Clear Coat

Ingredients: 6 mg of tris(2,2’-bipyridyl) ruthenium [Ru(bpy)], 20 ml of automobile Urethane Clear Coat (DuPont ChromaClear), 5 ml of activator, 10 ml dichloromethane.

Directions: Dissolve Ru(bpy) in the solvent dichloromethane, sonicate for 5 minutes, add urethane clear, shake and sonicate. Just before painting (within 5 minuets) add the activator, shake and sonicate for 1 minute. Acetone is used as a solvent to clean up the paint.

(2) EuTTA in Dope

Ingredients: 12 mg Europium (III) Thenoyltrifluoroacetonate (EuTTA), 20 ml model airplane dope, 20 ml dope thinner.

Directions: Mix EuTTA with the dope thinner, shake and then sonicate for a few minutes. Add the dope, shake and sonicate. Acetone is used as a solvent to clean up the paint.

[1] + £exp( – Enr/RTrtf)

Note:

[3] ax and ay are the standard deviations of least-squares estimation in the image registration or camera calibration.

[4] The factor for the sensitivity coefficient is defined as (p=KT/(T-Tref).